Cherry fungal diseases are one of the most common diseases affecting these stone trees. Unfortunately, if left unchecked, they can be very dangerous. They quickly move from one specimen to another. Very often, the increased occurrence of cherry fungal diseases is affected by the weather, which we have no influence on. The higher the humidity throughout the growing season, the better the conditions for the propagation of fungal spores. Cherry fungal diseases can quickly attack the entire plantation and lead to complete destruction of trees. To avoid this, it is worth using prophylactic spraying against cherry fungal diseases. Prevention is definitely better than cure.
red cherries
General principles of cherry spraying
Treatment by spraying is extremely important in the care of orchard trees. Diseases, especially fungal ones, when they give visible symptoms, can no longer be eradicated. However, you can not give up and then it is worth using spraying called intervention. That is why many experienced fruit growers use spraying as one of their tree care treatments.
Cherry spraying depends on the stage of development of the tree. We determine the exact date of cherry spraying based on the state of development of our plants and weather conditions. The ideal time to spray is in the morning or evening. Too high a temperature causes volatilization of active substances from the spray. Rain during spraying or immediately after it will rinse the preparation from the plant and thus our spraying will be completely unimportant. That is why it is so important to observe the weather forecast before spraying in order for the treatment to be effective.
Cherry spraying procedures should be performed with disinfected, washed equipment. Persons performing them should wear protective gloves, coveralls and safety glasses. It is very important to follow all precautionary measures.
Cherry spraying - which sprayer to choose?
Having cherry trees, sooner or later we will face the decision of spraying. It is worth getting the right equipment that will allow us to perform this procedure efficiently. There are many sprayers from reputable companies on the market. The simplest ones include manual ones, which are relatively small and quite handy. However, they will work better for smaller plants, because their capacity is not so large. It can also be used for simple sprinkling of garden plants or even those that we have at home. For spraying cherries, it is better to choose sprayers with a lance and a container for spraying a dozen or so liters on wheels or with handles for arms. We set the stream with which we will spray and we have the entire substance in a container that we put by the tree or there are models that allow the container to be put on the back like a normal backpack. The comfort of such spraying is huge, the spine is protected and we can freely maneuver the lance, which has a large spraying range.
The effectiveness of cherry spraying will ensure that the plants are thoroughly covered by the preparation. Let's try to spray the cherries slowly and carefully. Remember to get the preparation into every place of the plant, into the nooks and crannies of shoots or bark. It is important not only to spray the cherries we focus on in this text, but also the plants adjacent to them. The spores can survive on other trees adjacent to our plantation. In addition, one-time spraying will not help, it should be done regularly, e.g. 3-4 times at intervals of several days, as described in the instructions.
The most common cherry fungal diseases are:
slight leaf spotting of stone fruit trees
perforation of the leaves of stone fruit trees
bitter rot of cherry
brown rot of stone trees
Depending on what cherry diseases threaten us, the better you need to prepare for the season. The first treatments against fungal diseases take place during the bud swelling period, usually in February and March. Then it is recommended to lubricate the places after cutting with horticultural ointments, which protect against getting spores of the fungus into the wounds after cutting. This helps in the fight against, among others, one of the cherry diseases, e.g. bitter cherry rot. Another important period is the time before flowering, then either organic or chemical spraying is recommended against brown rot of stone fruit trees and leaf holes in stone trees.
Organic cherry spraying
The ecological ones include spraying with yarrow extract (1:10), field horsetail (1:4), horseradish infusion (without dilution with water).
Cherry spraying
Chemical sprays include: Topsin M 500 S.C. it is a concentrate in concentrated form, which we dilute with water. The amount of preparation that needs to be used is visible on the instructions attached to the package, in the case of cherries, it is usually 15 ml per 5-9 l of water.
Another important time during the entire growing season is flowering. Then the plant needs the most comfortable conditions for growth. The flowering period is very energy-intensive, so if the flowers are damaged by fungal diseases, our yield will be definitely worse or will not be there at all. And when it comes to picking cherries, it is the fruit that we care about the most. During flowering, spraying is recommended against small spotting of the leaves of stone fruit trees. Less invasive treatments include the use of yarrow extract, field horsetail or horseradish slurry.
Let us remember that ecological methods when we see clear symptoms of the disease may not be enough. Other spraying is the use of Syllit 65 WP is a powder agent that is diluted with water. The dose is about 12g per 15 liters of water. After flowering, a very effective spray is the use of Carpene 65 WP, however, it is recommended for a large cultivation of cherries to protect against small blotch of stone fruit trees. The treatment is performed up to 1 month after flowering. The dose is about 15 g per 7 liters of water. Captan 80 WP is a preparation to combat bitter rot of stone fruit plants, its use also begins after flowering. The recommended dose is 15g per 5 liters of water.
The period when fruit buds appear and the time when they are already visible is the period when we least deal with chemical spraying. The grace period of some preparations is even up to a month before harvest, so it is very important to keep them. Chemical sprays are effective, but we must use them in such a way that they are also safe. It is possible to use Topsin M 500SC for fungal diseases, e.g. for perforation of stone fruit leaves during fruit growth, while maintaining the grace period!
Regardless of whether the harvest was satisfactory or not, it is worth starting to think about the new year in August. After harvesting, you can spray the cherries with 5% urea. When we cover the fallen leaves with it, we can reduce the infection of small spotted leaves of stone fruit trees in the next season.
The spraying recommendations given above are examples, when arranging a protection plan for our plantation, we must take into account many factors, including the size of our plantation, growing conditions, weather or the neighborhood in which our trees are located. This will allow us to know our habitat and determine what we should watch out for. What is the risk of certain fungal diseases on our cherries.
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